Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics

INVESTIGATION OF TLR4 POLYMORPHISM IN CHILDREN WITH VESICOURETERAL REFLUX AND RENAL SCARRING
Sav NM1*, Eroz R2, Kalay Duran N3, Kilicaslan O4, Erisen Karaca S5
*Corresponding Author: *Corresponding Author: Nadide Melike SAV, Address: Duzce Universitesi Araştırma Uygulama Hastanesi, Pediatrik Nefroloji B.D, Merkez, DUZCE, TURKEY; Phone: +905378683281; Fax:+903805421390; e-mail address: savmelike@gmail.com
page: 41

INTRODUCTION

Urinary tract infection (UTI) is an important health problem that is commonly seen in children and has short and long-term complications. One of the common causes of the disease is vesicoureteral reflux. Vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) is a pathology characterized by reflux of urine ac- cumulated in the bladder from one or both ureters to the kidney as a result of anatomical disorders [1]. Primary VUR occurs due to poor development and dysfunction of the congenital ureterovesical junction whereas secondary VUR occurs due to increased intravesical pressure [2]. Primary VUR is seen in 1-2% of the pediatric popula- tion; however, this rate rises to 30-40% in the presence of urinary tract infections, and recurrent UTI is an important cause of renal parenchymal damage [3]. Bacterial infection in the renal parenchyma causes an acute inflammatory reaction, accelerating scar formation and progression to chronic kidney disease (CKD) [4]. Many studies reported that resistance to bacterial UTIs is controlled by some genes. Among these genes, toll-like receptors (TLR) are transmembrane proteins in- volved in the innate immune response. Single gene de- fects or variations in genes encoding TLR, chemokines, and chemokine receptors alter the susceptibility of the host to urinary pathogen invasion [5]. TLR4 is the first toll-like receptor identified in humans and is expressed in monocytes and dendritic cells. TLR4 recognizes bacterial lipopolysaccharides and contributes to host defense against Gram-negative bacteria [6]. Different polymorphisms in the TLR4 gene cause UTI facilitates the emergence of the disease, and may pave the way for CKD in the long term. Identification of these polymorphisms will enable accurate genetic counselling and rapid screening of individuals with risk factors. This study aimed at analyzing TLR4 gene polymorphisms in pediatric patients with recurrent UTI and VUR using Next Generation Sequencing (NGS).

Number 27 VOL. 27 (2), 2024	Number 27 VOL. 27 (1), 2024
Number 26 Number 26 VOL. 26(2), 2023 All in one	Number 26 VOL. 26(2), 2023
Number 26 VOL. 26, 2023 Supplement	Number 26 VOL. 26(1), 2023
Number 25 VOL. 25(2), 2022	Number 25 VOL. 25 (1), 2022
Number 24 VOL. 24(2), 2021	Number 24 VOL. 24(1), 2021
Number 23 VOL. 23(2), 2020	Number 22 VOL. 22(2), 2019
Number 22 VOL. 22(1), 2019	Number 22 VOL. 22, 2019 Supplement
Number 21 VOL. 21(2), 2018	Number 21 VOL. 21 (1), 2018
Number 21 VOL. 21, 2018 Supplement	Number 20 VOL. 20 (2), 2017
Number 20 VOL. 20 (1), 2017	Number 19 VOL. 19 (2), 2016
Number 19 VOL. 19 (1), 2016	Number 18 VOL. 18 (2), 2015
Number 18 VOL. 18 (1), 2015	Number 17 VOL. 17 (2), 2014
Number 17 VOL. 17 (1), 2014	Number 16 VOL. 16 (2), 2013
Number 16 VOL. 16 (1), 2013	Number 15 VOL. 15 (2), 2012
Number 15 VOL. 15, 2012 Supplement	Number 15 Vol. 15 (1), 2012
Number 14 14 - Vol. 14 (2), 2011	Number 14 The 9th Balkan Congress of Medical Genetics
Number 14 14 - Vol. 14 (1), 2011	Number 13 Vol. 13 (2), 2010
Number 13 Vol.13 (1), 2010	Number 12 Vol.12 (2), 2009
Number 12 Vol.12 (1), 2009	Number 11 Vol.11 (2),2008
Number 11 Vol.11 (1),2008	Number 10 Vol.10 (2), 2007
Number 10 10 (1),2007	Number 9 1&2, 2006
Number 9 3&4, 2006	Number 8 1&2, 2005
Number 8 3&4, 2004	Number 7 1&2, 2004
Number 6 3&4, 2003	Number 6 1&2, 2003
Number 5 3&4, 2002	Number 5 1&2, 2002
Number 4 Vol.3 (4), 2000	Number 4 Vol.2 (4), 1999
Number 4 Vol.1 (4), 1998	Number 4 3&4, 2001
Number 4 1&2, 2001	Number 3 Vol.3 (3), 2000
Number 3 Vol.2 (3), 1999	Number 3 Vol.1 (3), 1998
Number 2 Vol.3(2), 2000	Number 2 Vol.1 (2), 1998
Number 2 Vol.2 (2), 1999	Number 1 Vol.3 (1), 2000
Number 1 Vol.2 (1), 1999	Number 1 Vol.1 (1), 1998

About the journal ::: Editorial ::: Subscription ::: Information for authors ::: Contact