THE PREDISPOSITION FOR TYPE 2 DIABETES MELLITUS AND METABOLIC SYNDROME
Zenoaga-Barbăroșie C, Berca L, Vassu-Dimov T, Toma M, Nica MI, Alexiu-Toma OA, Ciornei C, Albu A, Nica S, Nistor C, Nica R
*Corresponding Author: Corresponding Author: Ass. Prof. Silvia Nica MD, PhD, Bucharest Emergency University Hospital, Splaiul Independentei Street, no 169, 5 District, Bucharest, Romania, 050098 Tel.: +40-21-31880500, email: silvia.nica@umfcd.ro
page: 21
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INTRODUCTION
It has been estimated that the worldwide prevalence
of diabetes mellitus and metabolic syndrome (MetS) are
10.5% and 12.5 – 31.4%, respectively, and the values are
predicted to increase during the following years (1,2) .
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a complex metabolic
disorder mainly characterized by insulin resistance
and β-cell dysfunction (3). Besides insulin resistance, MetS
is described by a cluster of conditions, namely high blood
pressure, abdominal obesity, high triglyceride levels, low
HDL cholesterol level, and impaired fasting glucose. Several
risk factors have been identified for T2DM and MetS,
such as high adiposity, abnormal blood biomarkers levels,
medical history, regional and psychosocial factors. In addi-
tion, lifestyle factors such as daily caloric intake, smoking
and alcohol consumption are considered to be related to
the prevalence of T2DM and MetS (4,5).
Dysfunction of many biological pathways may be
involved in the pathophysiology of the diseases. Mutations
in protein-coding genes involved in oxidative stress (OS)
reduction (SOD1 and CAT) (6,7), endothelial functions
(eNOS) (8) and hemodynamics (ACE, ATR1) (9–12) or in
the carbohydrate metabolism (OXTR) (13,14) may to be
involved in predisposition for T2DM or MetS. There are
gender-related differences regarding the relative contribution
of risk factors for these diseases (15,16). Therefore,
we evaluated the susceptibility in men of the association
of common polymorphisms in six genes with T2DM and
MetS.
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