ASSOCIATIONS BETWEEN VASPIN RS2236242 GENE
POLYMORPHISM, WALKING TIME AND THE RISK
OF METABOLIC SYNDROME Suliga E1, Kozieł D2, Cieśla E3, Rębak D2, Wawszczak M2,*,
Adamus-Białek W2, Naszydłowska E4, Piechowska A2, Głuszek S2 *Corresponding Author: Monika Wawszczak, MSc, Department of Surgery and Surgical Nursery with Genetics
and Research Laboratory, Institute of Medical Sciences, Jan Kochanowski University, al. IX Wieków
Kielc 19a, 25-516, Kielce, Poland. Tel: +48-413696978. E-mail: mwawszczak@ujk.edu.pl page: 41
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RESULTS
The study involved 108 individuals with MetS and
110 participants representing the control group. The
group with MetS was similar to the control group regarding
sex and age. Participants with MetS were more often
overweight (BMI >25.0 m/kg2), with abdominal obesity,
elevated blood pressure, glucose and triglyceride (TG)
concentration and decreased concentration of high density
lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol, compared to the control
group (all p <0.001). No significant differences were found
between the percentages of current and former smokers
in both groups (p = 0.456). However, the individuals with
MetS were characterized by a significantly shorter time
of a total physical activity (PA) during the day (232.2 ±
144.4 min./ day vs. 270.6 ± 145.6 min./day; p = 0.039),
including mainly, a shorter walking time (79.6 ± 71.1 min./
day vs. 109.2 ± 85.5 min./day; p = 0.007), compared to
the control group.
There was no statistically significant difference in distribution
of alleles and genotypes of the vaspin rs2236242
polymorphism between individuals with MetS and controls
(Table 1). The meta-analysis of genotype distribution in
Egyptian, Iranian and Polish populations showed that the
TT genotype was identified more frequently in MetS patients
than in controls (p = 0.001). The A allele occurrence
was higher in the control group (p = 0.001) (Table 2).
However, a two-fold more frequent prevalence of
the AA genotype in individuals from the control group
compared to the group with MetS was found (15.45 vs.
8.33%). There was also a tendency to a slightly more frequent
prevalence of the TA genotype in individuals with
MetS, compared to the control group (51.86 vs. 45.45%).
The genotype distribution showed no deviation from the
Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in the whole study sample (χ2 = 0.536; p = 0.464), in subjects with MetS (χ2 =
2.467; p = 0.116), and in the control group (χ2 = 0.200; p
= 0.655). The A allele frequency of the vaspin rs2236242
polymorphism was 0.360 in total, 0.343 in MetS and 0.378
in the control group.
The TA, AA and TA+AA genotypes showed no association
with MetS when compared to the TT genotype
(p = 0.638; p = 0.187; p = 0.979, respectively). The results
of the conducted study also revealed that the vaspin
rs2236242 polymorphism was not significantly associated
with any of the MetS components. Despite a lack of statistically
significant associations, having the AA genotype
(compared to TT) was related to quite a clear tendency to
a lower risk of MetS and its components (OR varied from
0.54 to 0.80) (Table 3, model I).
In the model adjusted for age, gender, smoking and
total PA, no statistically significant correlations have been
found between the vaspin rs2236242 gene polymorphism
and the risk of MetS and its components (data not shown).
The differences of PA between MetS-subjects and the control
group resulted mainly from the differences of walking
time. The group of variables of small linkage distances included
all MetS components, some demographic variables
and lifestyle elements, along with walking time (Figure 2).
Total PA and moderate-to-vigorous PA were characterized
by greater Euclidean distances than the others. Taking this
fact into consideration, in subsequent models walking time
instead of total PA was used as a modifying variable. In
the model adjusted for age, gender, smoking and walking
(model II), there were also no significant associations
between the vaspin rs2236242 polymorphism and MetS
components. However, it was noted that having the TA
genotype was related to a greater risk of MetS, compared
to the TT genotype. The analysis of interaction ‘genotype
× walking time’ showed that a longer walking time (>60
min./day) statistically significantly decreased the risk of MetS in the TA genotype carriers (OR = 0.24; p = 0.022)
and TA+AA (OR = 0.25; p = 0.016), as well as the risk of
elevated blood pressure in the TA genotype carriers (OR
= 0.17; p = 0.039 and TA+AA (OR = 0.11; p = 0.007),
compared to the TT carriers. It was also found that a longer
walking time decreased the risk of higher TG concentration
in the AA genotype carriers (OR = 0.04; p = 0.017),
compared to TT and the AA genotype carriers, compared
to TT+TA (OR = 0.60; p = 0.025).
Including BMI in the model did not significantly
change the obtained scores (model III). Similar to the
previous model, it was observed that longer walking time
(>60 min./day) significantly decreased the risk of MetS in
TA and TA+AA genotype carriers (OR = 0.16; p = 0.007
and OR = 0.17; p = 0.007, respectively) as well as elevated
blood pressure (OR = 0.09; p = 0.012 and OR = 0.05; p =
0.002 for TA and TA+AA genotypes, respectively) as well
as the risk of increased TG concentration in AA genotype
carriers, compared to TT (OR = 0.06; p = 0.038) and AA
genotype, compared to TT+TA (OR = 0.07; p = 0.043).
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