Balkan Journal of Medical Genetics

HIGH INCIDENCE OF CONGENITAL HYPOTHYROIDISM IN ONE REGION OF THE REPUBLIC OF MACEDONIA
Anastasovska V, Koviloska R, Kocova M,
*Corresponding Author: Professor Dr. Mirjana Kocova, University Clinic of Pediatrics, Vodnjanska 17, 1000 Skopje, Republic of Macedonia. Tel.: +389(0)2-3123-224. Fax: +389(0)2-3111-713. E-mail: mirjanakocova@ yahoo.com
page: 31

INTRODUCTION

Congenital hypothyroidism (CH) is an endocrine disorder with a major detrimental effect on the central nervous system and the development and growth, affecting 1 in 3000 to 4000 newborns [1]. Prompt treatment with thyroxine has virtually eliminated severe cognitive problems in this group of neonates [1]. The thyroid neonatal screening programs have changed the natural history of CH. Depending on the screening needs, two screening methods are commonly used in Europe. The thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is used as a general screening parameter if the screening need is prevention of severe mental retardation. The TSH screening method, as opposed to the T4 method, is less expensive and easier to perform. It is sensitive enough to distinguish between healthy and sick newborns. The TSH screening results can be used to monitor iodine insufficiency in the population. It is an important issue in many countries that are still iodine deficient. National neonatal thyroid screening was introduced in the Republic of Macedonia in 2007, as an integral part of maternal and child health care, after a pilot study of 5 years. Good organization and communication with the centralized screening center are favorable circumstances for the development and maintenance of a screening program in the Prilep Province, as an integral part of nationwide TSH screening program in the Republic of Macedonia.

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