THE LATITUDE WISE PREVALENCE OF THE CCR5-∆32-HIV RESISTANCE ALLELE IN INDIA
Bhatnagar I#, Singh M#, Mishra N, Saxena R, Thangaraj K, Singh L, Saxena SK*
*Corresponding Author: Shailendra K. Saxena, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases & Molecular Virology, Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007 (AP), India; Tel.: +91-40-27192630 (direct); +91-40-27160222-41, Ext. 2630; Fax: +91-40-27160591; +91-40-27160311; E-mail: shailen@ccmb.res.in ; shailen1@gmail.com
page: 17
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Abstract

The chemokine receptor CCR5 plays a crucial role during CD4-mediated entry of HIV-1 in macrophages and a 32 bp deletion in the CCR5 gene (CCR5-∆32) confers protection against HIV infection and AIDS progression. To evaluate the contribution of this host genetic factor in aggravating India’s HIV/AIDS problem, we exclusively examined the frequency of CCR5-∆32 in 43 different ethnic endogamous Indian populations comprising 1,882 individuals and its latitude-wise distribution in India. This is the first report of prevalence and latitude-wise distribution of CCR5-∆32 in such large scale in India, which indicates that most of the Indian populations lack the CCR5-∆32 mutation. This mutation was exhibited in only 13 out of the 43 ethnic populations of India studied with allelic frequency 0.62 - 5%. Southward decreasing cline was observed for frequencies of CCR5-∆32 (0.79% to 5.0% in North vs. 0.62% to 1.4% South). These results are in accordance with HIV/AIDS prevalence in India, and suggest that absence of CCR5-∆32 mutation may be one of the important factors for HIV/AIDS incidence in India.

Key words: CCR5-∆32, Chemokine coreceptors, HIV, AIDS, Polymorphism, Indian, Population
 
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Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology (CSIR), Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500007, India
** # These authors contributed equally to the laboratory experiments.



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